Still, experts aren’t exactly sure what changes in the brain lead to the behavior. In other cases, pica has been linked to cognitive and mental health conditions. But there is no scientific evidence to back up these claims. This is because non-food items may bind harmful substances in the digestive tract. Others think it is because pregnancy raises the risk of developing iron-deficiency anemia.Īnother theory is that the pregnant body may crave non-food items as a method of protection. Some think it is because women have more nutritional needs during pregnancy. But again, experts aren’t quite sure why this happens. Women who are pregnant are also at higher risk of developing pica. This can further lower the amount of iron in the body, which then worsens the underlying problem. It is thought that the lack of iron in the brain causes someone to eat non-food substances. In some cases, pica is thought to be caused by a nutritional deficiency like low iron. For others, it is attributed to other coexisting conditions. For some people, it seems to be a condition that stands on its own without any obvious cause. There is a lot we still don’t understand about pica and why it happens. We’ll explain what is known (and unknown) about pica, how it can lead to some medical problems, and how it is treated. People can develop this behavior for a number of different reasons. They can also be non-food items, like paper or baby powder. They can be food-related materials, like eggshells or coffee grounds. It is when someone continues to eat something that is not considered a social norm. But pica, as a health condition, is a little different. It is common to see a young child put things in their mouth, like toys, dirt, or sand. Secondary persistent or recurrent facial ulcerationī.Someone with pica disorder eats items that are not considered to be food. May be associated with Wallenburg's syndrome and is a rare cause of facial ulcerations associated with injury to the trigeminal nerve (Parimalam 2014) with the syndrome comprised of triad ofģ. involvement of central tegmental tract: palatal myoclonusĪ.involvement of Deiters' nucleus and other vestibular nuclei: nystagmus and vertigo.involvement of hypthalamic fibers: sympathetic nervous system abnormal c/w Horners syndrome.involvement of spinothalamic tract: loss of pain and temperature sensation to the opposite side of body.involvement of trigeminal nucleus: ipsilateral facial and corneal anesthesia.laryngeal, pharyngeal and palatal paralysis.involvement of nucleus ambiguus: dysphagia, dysphonia and dysarthria.Vertebral artery dissection associated with:.Hypertension is most common risk factor with other causes.Most commonly caused by atherothrombotic occlusion of the vertebral artery (then posterior inferior cerebellar arteray and least often the medullary arteries.Estimated 60,000 new cases in the United States each year with usually a better outcome - with most common sequelae being gait instability and most patients returning to satisfactory activities of daily living(Lui 2019). A complete Wallenberg syndrome is not common with key factors in clinical diagnosis being 'crossed hemiparesis or hemianesthesia' indicating a brainstem lesionĥ. may also be associated with obstructive sleep apnea and airway obstruction (Vaidyanathan 2007)Ĥ.Otolaryngological features include dysphonia, dysphagia and nasal regurgitation related to.Clinical symptoms include difficulty swallowing, slurred speech, facial pain, vertigo, Horner syndrome, and possibly palatal myoclonus.loss of pain and temperature sensation on the ipsilateral (same) side of the face.Sensory deficits affecting the face and cranial nerves on the same side with the infarct.loss of pain and temperature sensation on the contralateral (opposite) side of the body.Sensory deficits affecting the trunk (torso) and extremities on the opposite side of the infarction.Constellation of neurologic symptoms due to injury to the lateral part of the medulla in the brain.Wallenberg syndrome = Lateral medullary syndrome (aka 'PICA' syndrome Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery syndrome) Return to: Unilateral Laryngeal Paralysis or Vocal Cord Paralysis see: Tapia Syndrome paralysis of vagus and hypoglossal nerves after intubation Wallenberg Syndrome (PICA Syndrome or Lateral Medullary Infaction)
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